EXPTLH198 | EXPTLH223 | EXPTR227B77 | ADVANCED | PRELIM | MISC | GEM
LH198 (2000)
WQS C1 topcrosses were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. The 100 entries consisted of 92 WQS C1 S2 families crossed to LH198 and eight check hybrids. There were two replications at each location.
Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 13 (Madison) and October 3 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington did experience some flooding, but the plots were in good condition by the end of the season.
Forty WQS topcrosses were initially chosen, based on forage yield, for nutritional evaluation. (See LH198 – Forage yield evaluation.) Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield is then used to estimate potential milk per acre.
Twenty S2 families from WQS C1 were selected based on superior yield and milk production potential. (See LH198 – Nutritional evaluation.) The families will be recombined in the 2000/2001winter nursery in Puerto Rico to form WQS C2 from which a new set of inbreds will be derived starting next summer. In addition, approximately 100 S4 inbred families related to the 20 S2 selected families will be topcrossed to LH198 in the 2000/20001 winter nursery for field and quality evaluations next summer (2001).
LH223 (2000)
Fifty-two experimental topcrosses to LH223, several population topcrosses for WQS C0 and C1, along with a number of check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT LH223. The experimental topcrosses involved S2+ lines derived from WQS, WFISILO, and WFISIHI.
Hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were two replications at each location. Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 12 (Madison) and September 25 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington experienced some flooding early in the season, and strong winds in late August contributed to severe root lodging. Several plots at Arlington were discarded because they were not harvestable.
Twenty-four WQS topcrosses were initially chosen, based on forage yield, for nutritional evaluation. (See LH223 – Forage yield evaluation.) Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield was then used to estimate potential milk per acre. (See LH223 – Forage yield and nutritional evaluation).
Many of the LH223 topcrosses were early maturing and were harvested too late for optimum silage quality. Many dry matters exceeded 40%, and it is therefore difficult to make comparisons with the standard check hybrids (NK4687, P33A14A, and P35R58), which had average dry matters of 32%. Attention should be focused on comparisons within the 53055 through 53090 topcross series. The WQS population crosses.had good forage yields and quality, particularly IVNDFD.
R227B77
Twenty-seven experimental topcrosses to R227 and B77, several population topcrosses for WQS C0 and C1, along with a number of check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT R227B77. The experimental topcrosses involved S3+ lines derived from WQS and WFISILO. Inbreds R227 and B77 were chosen based on rapid digestion kinetics as shown by Jung et al. (1998).
Hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were two replications at each location. Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 15 (Madison) and September 29 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington experienced some flooding early in the season, and strong winds in late August contributed to severe root lodging. Several plots at Arlington were discarded because they were not harvestable.
Twenty-one WQS topcrosses were initially chosen, based on forage yield, for nutritional evaluation. (See R227B77 – Forage yield evaluation.) Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield was then used to estimate potential milk per acre. (See R227B77 – Forage yield and nutritional evaluation.)
Many of the R227 and B77 topcrosses were late maturing and had severe root lodging at Arlington. Silage yields were high for a number of topcrosses, and nutritional quality was above average. R227 and B77 were selected because of their fast fiber digestion rates in the study of Jung et al. (1998), and the results reflected this finding. On average, the IVNDFD values of the R227 and B77 topcrosses were more than 4 percentage units higher than the check average.
The WQS population crosses had good forage yields and quality, particularly IVNDFD. Several S4 lines derived from 53090 (e.g. 53090-1-1-1 and 53090-1-4-1) had excellent milk production on both a tonnage or acre basis. Experimental topcrosses to R227 and B77 along with check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT R227B77. The experimental topcrosses involved S3+ lines derived from WQS and WFISILO.
Most attention in the R227B77 trial should be focused on the 53090 series of S5+ inbreds. On average the 53090 topcrosses had good forage yield and quality, and this was expected based on the original S2 topcross evaluations conducted in 1996.
The testcross involving 53090-1-1-6-1 had excellent quality characterized by low NDF, high IVD, high IVNDFD, which led to high predicted milk per ton and milk per acre values. The root lodging scores, however, were high. The high yield for the 53090-1-1-6-1 testcross is probably an aberration caused by the lodging problems at Arlington, although 53090-1-1-6-1 testcrosses have shown excellent potential in other trials. This inbred family also appears in the ADVANCED and GEM trials.
Advanced
Fifty-two experimental topcrosses to LH198 and eight check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT ADVANCED. The experimental topcrosses involved 40 S3+ lines derived from WQS C0 and 12 S6+ lines derived from WFISIHI and WFISILO.
Hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were two replications at each location. Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 14 (Madison) and September 25 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington experienced some flooding early in the season, and strong winds in late August contributed to severe root lodging. Many plots at Arlington were discarded because they were not harvestable.
Forty entries were chosen, based on forage yield, for subsequent nutritional evaluation. (See ADVANCED – Forage yield evaluation.) Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield was then used to estimate potential milk per acre.
Most attention in the ADVANCED trial should be focused on the 53090 series of S3+ inbreds. (See ADVANCED – Nutritional evaluation.) On average the 53090 topcrosses had good forage yield and quality, and this was expected based on the original S2 topcross evaluations conducted in 1996. Testcrosses involving two S5 families in particular, 53090-1-1-6-1 and 53090-1-4-2-1, had excellent quality characterized by low NDF, high IVD, high IVNDFD, which led to high predicted milk per ton and milk per acre values. The root lodging scores, however, were high. These inbred families also appear in several other trials.
Prelim
Fifty-eight experimental topcrosses to LH198 and five check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT PRELIM. The experimental topcrosses involved 38 S3 lines derived from WQS C0 and 20 S2 lines derived from four GEM breeding crosses (75% adapted germplasm).
The GEM breeding populations were ARZM17026:N1013 (Cristalino Colorado), ARZM17026:N1019 (Cristalino Colorado), URZM13085:N0204 (Cateto Sulino), and URZM13085:N0207 (Cateto Sulino). These GEM breeding crosses were selected from a larger set of 50 breeding populations based on evaluations conducted by the UW silage breeding project in 1995 and 1996. The GEM S2 lines were derived from an initial set of 217 S1 families evaluated for per se nutritional value in 1997 and subsequently selfed and selected for per se agronomic value.
Hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were two replications at each location. Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 14 (Madison) and October 3 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington did experience some flooding, but the plots were in good condition by the end of the season.
All GEM topcrosses and 15 WQS topcrosses were chosen, based on forage yield, for subsequent nutritional evaluation. (See PRELIM – Forage yield evaluation.) Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield is then used to estimate potential milk per acre.
The WQS C0 crosses to LH198 were characterized by good nutritive value, i.e., relatively low NDF, high IVD, high IVNDFD, as well as good forage yields. (See PRELIM – Nutritional evaluation.) As a result, the average milk/ton and milk/acre for WQS topcrosses exceeded the average of NK4686, P33A14A, and P35R58, which were the most productive checks. One of the WQS topcrosses, 53062-2-3 X LH198 had excellent quality (2847 lbs milk/ton), which was not significantly less than the brown-midrib check, F657, and the yield of this topcross exceeded F657 by over 1.5 tons/acre. Topcrosses 53055-4-2, 53062-3-3,53142-1-1, and 53150-4-3 X LH198 also had both good yield and quality.
Several of the GEM topcrosses had excellent silage potential. In particular, 67034-2 X LH198 had the highest forage yield and milk/acre in the trial (8.91 tons/acre and 23,648 lbs milk/acre). Several others had above average forage yield as well as nutritional characteristics (e.g., 67003-1 and 66035-1 X LH198) mostly due to high IVNDF.
Miscellaneous
Eighteen experimental topcrosses to LH119, LH198, and LH227 along with eight check hybrids were evaluated in EXPT MISC. The experimental topcrosses involved S5+ lines derived from WQS C0, WFISILO, and WFISIHI.
Hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were two replications at each location. Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 14 (Madison) and September 29 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington experienced some flooding early in the season, and strong winds in late August contributed to severe root lodging. Several plots at Arlington were discarded because they were not harvestable.
Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield was then used to estimate potential milk per acre. See (MISC – Forage yield and nutritional evaluation.)
Most attention in the MISC trial should be focused on the 53090 series of S5+ inbreds. On average the 53090 topcrosses had good forage yield and quality, and this was expected based on the original S2 topcross evaluations conducted in 1996. The testcross involving 53090-1-1-6-1 had excellent quality characterized by low NDF, high IVD, high IVNDFD, which led to high predicted milk per ton and milk per acre values. The root lodging scores, however, were high. The high yield for the 53090-1-1-6-1 testcross is probably an aberration caused by the lodging problems at Arlington, although 53090-1-1-6-1 testcrosses have shown excellent potential in other trials. This inbred family also appears in the ADVANCED and GEM trials.
GEM
Ten GEM topcrosses, three WQS C1 population crosses, and 10 experimental and commercial hybrids were evaluated at two locations in 2000, Madison and Arlington. There were three replications at each location. The GEM topcrosses involved inbreds derived from ten GEM breeding populations (50% adapted germplasm) crossed to either LH185 or LH198. These breeding crosses had previously been shown to have good grain yield potential.
Planting dates were May 2 (Madison) and May 22 (Arlington), and the trials were harvested on September 15 (Madison) and October 3 (Arlington). Despite excessive rain early in the season, growing conditions at Madison were good to excellent. Arlington did experience some flooding, but the plots were in good condition by the end of the season.
Nutritional evaluations included assessment of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro true digestibility (IVD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein (CP), and starch concentration. Based on these values, milk/ton of forage and milk/acre were estimated based on the new MILK2000 equations developed with help of Joe Lauer (UW Agronomy), Randy Shaver (UW Dairy Science), Pat Hoffman (UW Dairy Science), and Eric Schwab (UW Dairy Science). MILK2000 uses forage composition (NDF, IVD, IVNDFD, CP, and starch) to estimate potential milk production per ton of forage. Forage yield is then used to estimate potential milk per acre.
Several of the GEM topcrosses had excellent forage yield potential. (See GEM Evaluation -Forage yield and quality.) In particular, DXL212:N11a-3182-1 X LH198 had the highest forage yield and milk/acre in the trial (9.35 tons/acre and 23,541 lbs milk/acre). One GEM topcross, CUBA117:S1520-156 X LH185, also had excellent nutritional characteristics (2,714 lbs milk/ton) mostly due to low NDF and high IVNDFD.
The WQS C1 crosses to LH119, LH198, and LH200 were characterized by good nutritive value, i.e., relatively low NDF and high IVNDFD, as well as good forage yields, particularly in light of the fact that these are population crosses, not hybrids between two inbred parents.
The three experimental hybrids involving inbreds 71712-B-1-1-3-1-B and 53090-1-1-6-1 had good yield and quality. Inbred 71712-B-1-1-3-1-B was developed from the initial cycle of selection using WFISILO, and 53090-1-1-6-1 was developed from WQS C0. These experimental hybrids appear in several other UW trials in 2000.